Controversy Over Bonds
March 4, 2008 10:58 AM
No, not that Bonds. One of the school finance issues that I hope one day to understand better is the bond market. Every interaction convinces me that it is a place where taxpayers and schools get taken advantage of, or, more to the point -- let themselves get taken advantage of. For example, I’m told that some public entities agree to pay an interest rate of X on their bond, allowing their broker to sell it for a lower rate (X-Y%) and pocket the difference (Y). On a really big bond, even a small difference can mean a lot of money. And this is in addition to any fees or commissions. What's worse, the school district might not ever know what it's lost or that it created this windfall.
The latest revelation to shake my faith in the market is that credit rating agencies use different rules when looking at the public sector versus the private sector. You'd think, given that the public sector has sovereign taxing authority, and a longer track record of staying power than the corporate world, that its rules would be easier. You'd be wrong. The net result is that bonds with the same risk of default get rated as "A" when issued by state and local government, and “AAA” when they come from corporations. This means that taxpayers shell out more than stockholders do for basically identical debt. Bill Lockyer, California's treasurer, is leading an effort to put this to right. Good for him, and Connecticut Attorney General Richard Blumenthal and the other public officials working on this.
One of the costs of low ratings is the need to buy bond insurance. I'm unsure how much the public sector needs bond insurance at all, although I understand having it allows you to avoid making certain commitments about revenue streams and repayment. Warren Buffet is looking to compete in this market with a low-cost product that would just be for public bonds. Apparently the costs of private sector mortgage insurance are driving up costs all around for this service and Buffet, as a new entrant, can charge a lower rate by carving out the safer public sector bonds. But, to the extent it's necessary, I'm struck by one blogger's proposal to have public bond issuers self-insure, and wonder about having the feds do it as a service for every state and locality. It turns out I wasn't the first to think that (see the comments though).
Update: See Joe Williams. He's really the funniest education blogger.


